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New insights on chameleon colour shifts
chameleon
A deeper layer of iridophores with larger crystals reflects a substantial amount of sunlight.

Vivid colour changes achieved through crystal rearrangement, study suggests

Scientists have shed new light on how chameleons are able to achieve their famous colour shifts.

It is now thought to be accomplished through the rearrangement of crystals inside specialised cells, rather that the dispersal of pigments.

Chameleons, particularly panther chameleons, are known for their ability to rapidly change between vivid colours in social situations - for example in contests between males or during courtship.

Previously, this was believed to be due to a gathering or dispersal of pigments in different cells. Quantum physicists and evolutionary biologists from the University of Geneva, however, now believe  this is achieved by rearranging crystals in specialised skin cells called iridophores.

According to their findings, which have been published in the journal Nature Communications, a deeper layer of iridophores with larger crystals reflects a substantial amount of sunlight, which may help the reptiles to stay cool.

Senior author, Professor Michel Milinkovitch, told BBC News: "They split the iridophores into two layers, one that is specialised for colour change... and one to reduce the amount of energy absorbed by the animal.

"That's an amazing toolkit that allows them to choose between being hidden or displaying very spectacular colours for communication - and on top of that they have this ability to control their temperature because of the deep iridophores."

For the full study, visit: http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2015/150302/ncomms7368/full/ncomms7368.html

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Defra shares new Sanitary and Phytosanitary guidance

News Story 1
 Defra has published guidance for the vet sector ahead of a proposed UK-EU Sanitary and Phytosanitary agreement.

The agreement, which will change the movement and trade of animals and related products, could see reductions in checks, paperwork and certification. As well as describing regulatory developments, the advice highlights the importance of animal ID, registration and traceability in disease control and other compliance arrangements.

The guidance can be found here. More detail is expected as negotiations progress. 

Click here for more...
News Shorts
Lords Committee opens Pet Parasite Medication inquiry

The House of Lords Environment and Climate Change Committee will launch its inquiry into Pet Parasite Medication (PPM) on Wednesday (3 June).

Focusing on treatments containing fipronil and imidacloprid, the inquiry will seek to understand distribution pathways and the impacts of PPM use and non-use on biodiversity and human health. It will also cover current regulation, monitoring, and the potential implications for pets and their owners.

The committee will hear evidence from environmental non-governmental organisations and research institutes. The public can follow the proceedings live on Parliament TV or in person in the Palace of Westminster.