Study examines what makes dogs ‘old’
The researchers analysed the health records of canine patients.
A new study has been able to pinpoint the average age at which dogs are considered to be old.
Funded by BSAVA PetSavers, researchers from the University of Liverpool analysed the veterinary electronic health records (EHRs) of canine patients to discover the factors and concerns linked to old age.
According to records written by veterinary professionals, the first signs of old age are usually diagnosed when dogs are 12.5 years old. However, researchers say that this does not strictly apply to all dogs and that other factors, including breed size, can impact this.
Smaller breeds, like the Jack Russell terrier, usually aged slower, reaching old age at around 14 years old. Larger dogs, such as the Labrador retriever, reach old age at around 12 years.
As part of the data collection, researchers were also able to ascertain the main health concerns which can affect older dogs.
Concerns about a dog’s weight, such as being overweight or underweight, were identified in 35 per cent of records. This was closely followed by musculoskeletal issues which affected the dog’s mobility, which were raised in 33 per cent of cases.
Dental conditions were flagged in 31 per cent of EHRs. This could cover a range of concerns, including tartar buildup and periodontal disease.
The other two health concerns highlighted by the research were skin-related problems, found in 28 per cent of cases, and digestive issues, which were mentioned in 22 per cent of the records.
Based on this evidence, the researchers have produced an ‘Ageing Canine Toolkit’. This provides pet owners with a guide of the health signifiers that they should look out for in their dog.
The online checklist can be used by dog owners to monitor their pet’s mobility, weight, behaviour and motor functions.
Alongside this, the researchers recommend that pet owners research their pet’s breed-specific ageing needs, as well as being proactive about avoiding and tackling common health conditions. Pet owners should also book regular veterinary consultations, as early detection can make many conditions more treatable.
The full study can be found here, with the Ageing Canine Toolkit available here.
Image © Shutterstock
BSAVA is to partner with BVA Live (11-12 June 2026) to champion clinical research.
