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Microbial communities develop similar AMR, study finds
Bacteria that co-existed had a higher level of AMR genetic material than isolated bacteria.
Different bacteria in the same community will share AMR genetic material.

A study into anti-microbial resistance (AMR) has explored how bacteria can share AMR mechanisms when they are in the same microbial community.

The research particularly focusses on livestock farming, which has seen a significant increase in the spread of AMR.

Scientists from the University of Nottingham examined how two common bacteria in livestock settings, Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica, shared genetic material. Both bacteria have high levels of drug resistance, transmissibility to humans, and cause food poisoning.

The investigation saw the team collect 661 E. coli and Salmonella bacteria isolates from chickens and their environments across 10 chicken farms and four abattoirs in China over a two-and-a-half year period.

The researchers conducted a large-scale analysis of the samples, using conventional microbiology DNA sequencing as well as data-mining methods powered by machine learning

The findings demonstrate that different bacteria species that co-existed in the same microbial community could share AMR genetic material. This means that they implement similar anti-microbial resistant mechanisms.

Bacteria that co-existed within the chicken gut, compared to bacteria existing in isolation, had a higher level of AMR-related genetic material and implemented similar resistance and metabolic mechanisms. This could be the result of a stronger co-evolution pathway.

The study is the first where the genomic content of two bacteria has been investigated on such a large scale, using samples from the same animals, at the same time, in real world settings.

The researchers say their findings demonstrate that investigating bacteria species in isolation may not provide a sufficient image of AMR activity in livestock farming. This could lead to an underestimation of the threat to human health.

Dr Tania Dottorini, lead researcher from the University of Nottingham, said: “These species of bacteria can share genetic material both within, and potentially between species, a way in which AMR is spread.

“That is why understanding the extent to which these bacteria within the same environment, and importantly, the same host, can co-evolve and share their genome could help the development and more efficient treatments to fight AMR.”

The full study can be found in the journal Nature Communications.

Image © Shutterstock

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Free CPD announced for BVNA members

News Story 1
 Zoetis is to present a CPD event for free to members of the British Veterinary Nursing Association (BVNA).

Led by veterinary consultant Ruth Moxon, the one-hour online session is designed to help veterinary nurses discuss parasiticide options with clients. It will advise on structuring recommendations, factors for product choice and moving away from 'selling'.

'How do you recommend parasite treatments to your clients?' will be presented on Tuesday, 20 May at 7.30pm. It is free for BVNA members, with £15.00 tickets for non-members.

Veterinary nurses can email cpd@bvna.co.uk to book their place. 

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DAERA to reduce BVD 'grace period'

DAERA has reminded herd keepers of an upcoming reduction to the 'grace period' to avoid BVD herd restrictions.

From 1 May 2025, herd keepers will have seven days to cull any BVD positive or inconclusive animals to avoid restrictions being applied to their herd.

It follows legislation introduced on 1 February, as DAERA introduces herd movement restrictions through a phased approach. Herd keepers originally had 28 days to cull BVD positive or inconclusive animals.

DAERA says that, providing herd keepers use the seven-day grace period, no herds should be restricted within the first year of these measures.

Additional measures, which will target herds with animals over 30 days old that haven't been tested for BVD, will be introduced from 1 June 2025.

More information is available on the DAERA website.