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RVC discovers high antibiotic use in Indian chicken farming
Antibiotics were used as a risk mitigation strategy in the early stages of production.
Critically important human antibiotics were used routinely in early production.

New research from the Royal Veterinary College (RVC) has revealed the extent that critically important human antibiotics are used in Indian chicken farming.

In collaboration with the West Bengal University of Animal & Fishery Sciences, the RVC found that poultry companies were having a more significant role in antibiotic use than chicken farmers.

The project saw a team of researchers interview 43 poultry stakeholders in Kolkata and the surrounding area of West Bengal in India between March 2021 and March 2022. This included farmers, poultry veterinary professionals, government veterinary teams, poultry company employees and poultry dealers.

The data was then examined using an economic framework called ‘agency theory’ to help examine the antibiotic use decisions.

The researchers found that most poultry farming occurred through contract farming arrangements. This was consistent with the wider image of India, where 80 per cent of poultry farming is performed under these conditions.

These chickens are frequently kept in housing which is open to the environment, meaning they are exposed to high temperatures, humidity and exposure to infectious diseases. This leads to antibiotics being used as a risk mitigation strategy to protect the birds during production.

The data also revealed that many stakeholders were concerned about the risk that the bacteria Mycoplasma poses to chicks. These concerns prompted stakeholders to use antibiotics routinely at the start of production.

The antibiotics used often belong to the classes which are considered critically important to human health – fluoroquinolone and macrolide antibiotics. RVC says that these antibiotics should never be routinely used for livestock production.

Many poultry companies have said that, though they do use antibiotic alternatives, they are expensive and not sufficient for protecting birds.

Mat Hennessy, the post-doctoral researcher from RVC who led the team, said: “Given the dominance of contract farming in chicken production in India, corporations are well positioned to coordinate a strategy towards lowering antibiotic use.

“However, these strategies should consider the wider infrastructural, institutional, and political environment within which chicken production occurs to promote antibiotic use in socially responsible ways.”

The full study can be found in the journal Plos One.

Image © RVC

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Practices urged to audit neutering data

News Story 1
 RCVS Knowledge has called on vet practices to audit their post-operative neutering outcomes.

It follows the release of the 2024 NASAN benchmarking report, which collates data from neutering procedures performed on dogs, cats and rabbits.

The benchmarking report enables practices in the UK and Ireland to compare their post-operative outcomes to the national average. This includes the rate of patients lost to follow-up, which in 2024 increased to 23 per cent.

Anyone from the practice can submit the data using a free template. The deadline for next report is February 2026.

Visit the RCVS Knowledge website to complete an audit. 

Click here for more...
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UK's BSE risk status downgraded

The WOAH has downgraded the UK's international risk status for BSE to 'negligible'.

Defra says that the UK's improved risk status recognises the reputation for having the highest standards for biosecurity. It adds that it demonstrates decades of rigorous animal control.

Outbreaks of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy, also known as mad cow disease, have previously resulted in bans on Britain's beef exports.

The UK's new status could lead to expanded trade and better confidence in British beef.

Christine Middlemiss, the UK's chief veterinary officer, said: "WOAH's recognition of the UK as negligible risk for BSE is a significant milestone and is a testament to the UK's strong biosecurity measures and the hard work and vigilance of farmers and livestock keepers across the country who have all played their part in managing the spread of this disease.